Avoid Hazards: How to Use Extension Cords Properly

Extension cords make power access simple, but misuse can lead to fires, shocks, and damaged equipment. If you need to place furniture close to outlets, consider flat plug extension cords or a flat extension cord to route cables safely without bending prongs or pinching insulation.

Choose the Right Cord

1. Match the load to the gauge. Check the amp or watt rating of your devices. Use 16 AWG for light duty, 14 AWG for medium duty, and 12 AWG for heavier loads like space heaters or shop tools. When in doubt, go thicker.
2. Pick indoor or outdoor correctly. Outdoor cords have tougher jackets and moisture resistance. Never use an indoor cord outside.
3. Look for safety markings. UL or ETL listings indicate tested products. Avoid damaged or unmarked cords.
4. Use the shortest length that works. Longer cords drop voltage and create heat. Choose the closest fit to your need.

Set Up With Care

1. Inspect before each use. Replace cords with cracked jackets, exposed copper, loose blades, or scorched ends. Electrical tape is not a repair.
2. Uncoil fully. Heat builds up in tightly coiled cords. Lay the cord straight or use a reel designed for live loads.
3. Avoid pinch points. Do not run cords through doorways, under rugs, or behind heavy furniture without clearance. Pressure breaks insulation and creates hotspots.
4. Keep connections dry. For outdoor use, keep plugs off the ground and use covers rated for wet locations. Pair with GFCI protection.

Plugging In Safely

1. One cord per outlet. Skip daisy chains. Each additional cord raises resistance and heat.
2. Use grounded outlets. Three-prong plugs require grounded receptacles. Never remove the ground pin.
3. Protect from trip risks. Route along walls, use cord covers across walkways, and add clear signage in work areas.
4. Choose the right tap. If you need more outlets, use a power strip with overload protection. For sensitive electronics, use a quality surge protector.

Usage Rules That Prevent Fires

1. Do not exceed ratings. Add up watts on the cord. Stay below the printed maximum. High-draw devices like space heaters or microwaves deserve a dedicated, heavy-duty cord or a permanent outlet.
2. Avoid heat sources. Keep cords away from baseboards, radiators, or strong sunlight. Heat degrades insulation.
3. Disconnect by the plug. Pulling on the cable loosens connections and damages conductors.
4. Limit run time. Extension cords are temporary. If a cord is in place for weeks, install a new receptacle.

Storage and Maintenance

1. Cool and dry storage. Moisture corrodes contacts and invites shorts. Wipe down after outdoor use.
2. Loop, do not knot. Use a loose over-under coil. Knots twist conductors and crack jackets.
3. Label by gauge and length. Fast access to the right cord reduces misuse on busy jobs.

When To Upgrade To Permanent Wiring

If you depend on an extension cord daily, talk to a licensed electrician. A new outlet, additional circuit, or more GFCI coverage improves safety and convenience. Extension cords solve short-term problems. Proper wiring solves them for good.